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The United States
of America is the fourth largest country in the world (after
Russia, Canada and China). It is called the United States, the
US, the USA, the States, America. The USA occupies the southern
part of Northern America, Alaska in the north and some islands,
including the Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The total area of the
country is over nine and a half million square kilometers. The
USA borders on Mexico in the south and Canada in the North. It
has sea border with Russia, too. The western coast of the
country is washed by the Pacific Ocean, and its eastern coast —
by the Atlantic Ocean.
The USA comprises
50 states and one federal district, the District of Columbia,
and has several territories. The capital of the country is
Washington, D. C, situated in the district of Columbia. The
population of the country is about 250 million people who live
mostly in cities and towns. The population of Washington is
about 3 million people. The USA is a very large country and has
different climatic regions. The coldest regions are in the north
and north-east of the country. The climate of the south of the
USA is subtropical, Alaska has arctic climate. The climate along
the Pacific coast is much warmer than that of the Atlantic coast
because of the warm winds blowing from the Gulf of Mexico. The
USA is a state of rivers and lakes. America's largest rivers are
the Mississippi, the Missouri, the Rio Grande and the Columbia.
The Great Lakes on the border with Canada are the deepest and
the largest in the USA. The highest mountains are the Rocky
Mountains, the Cordillera and the Sierra Nevada.
The USA is rich
in natural and mineral resources. It produces copper, iron ore
and coal. It is a highly developed industrial and agricultural
country. The most important manufacturing industries of the USA
produce planes, cars, textiles, radio and television sets,
armaments and paper. The USA became the world leading country in
the 19th century.
The USA is a
presidential republic. The highest legislative body of the
country is the Congress. It consists of two parts: the House of
Representatives and the Senate. Each state elects two senators
for four years. A senator must be at least 30 years old, a
citizen of the USA for 9 years, and live in the state he
represents. The job of the Congress is to make laws, declare
war, impeach the President, approve the justices that the
President appoints to the Supreme Court.
The executive
branch of the government is the President and the Cabinet of
Ministers. The President is elected every four years. He must be
at least 35 years old, born in the USA, a citizen of the country
for 14 years, and be a civilian. The President can sign or veto
a bill, ask the Congress to declare war, appoint justices to the
Supreme Court.
The judicial
branch of the government is the Supreme court. Its job is to
enforce laws. The Supreme Court can decide if the law is
constitutional or not. The three branches work together to
protect the Constitution and the rights of people.
Translate the
following sentences into English.
1. США занимает южную часть Северной Америки, Аляску и
ряд островов, имеет морскую границу с Россией и граничит с
Мексикой и Канадой.
2. США включает 50 штатов и один федеральный округ, округ
Колумбию, где расположен Вашингтон.
3. Население США — около 250 миллионов, страна расположена в
различных климатических поясах.
4. США богаты природными ресурсами и полезными ископаемыми и
производят медь, железную руду и уголь.
5. Это высокоразвитая промышленная и сельскохозяйственная
страна, отрасли ее промышленности производят машины, самолеты,
текстиль, телевизоры, вооружения и бумагу.
6. США — президентская республика, ее высший законодательный
орган — Конгресс, который состоит из двух частей: палаты
представителей и сената.
7. Конгресс создает законы, объявляет войну, объявляет импичмент
президенту, утверждает судей, которых президент назначает в
Верховный суд.
8. Высшая исполнительная власть — это президент и кабинет
министров.
9. Высшая судебная власть — это Верховный суд, который проводит
в жизнь законы и решает, является ли закон конституционным.
1. The USA
occupies the southern part of North America, Alaska and some
islands, it has sea border with Russia and borders on Mexico and
Canada.
2. The USA comprises 50 states and one federal district, the
District of Columbia where Washington is situated.
3. The US has a population of about 250 million people, the
country is situated in different climatic regions.
4. The USA is rich in natural and mineral resources and produces
copper, iron ore and coal.
5. It is a highly developed industrial and agrarian country with
its manufacturing industries producing planes, cars, textiles,
TV sets, armaments and paper,
6. The USA is a presidential republic, its highest legislative
body is the Congress consisting of two parts: the House of
Representatives and the Senate.
7. Congress makes laws, declares war, impeaches the President,
approves the justices that President appoints to the Supreme
Court.
8. The executive branch of the government is the President and
the Cabinet of Ministers.
9. The judicial branch of the government is the Supreme Court
which enforces laws and decides if the law is constitutional or
not.
Из пособия "ЕГЭ. Английский язык.
Устные темы" Занина Е.Л. (2010, 272с.) - Part
two.
Additional topics.
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